Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on the chapter "Anatomy of Flowering Plants" from the CBSE Class 12 Biology syllabus. The answers are provided at the end.
MCQs:
1. The tissue responsible for the conduction of water and minerals in plants is:
a) Phloem
b) Xylem
c) Parenchyma
d) Collenchyma
2. The main function of parenchyma is:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Support
c) Conduction
d) Protection
3. The thickening of collenchyma cell walls is due to:
a) Cellulose
b) Lignin
c) Pectin
d) Suberin
4. Which tissue in plants is known as the "primary meristem"?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Cambium
5. The cells of sclerenchyma are:
a) Living and thin-walled
b) Living and thick-walled
c) Dead and thin-walled
d) Dead and thick-walled
6. The type of vascular bundle in which xylem and phloem are arranged in an alternate manner is:
a) Radial
b) Conjoint
c) Collateral
d) Bicollateral
7. The primary function of phloem tissue is:
a) Conduction of water
b) Conduction of food
c) Mechanical support
d) Protection
8. Which type of meristem is responsible for the increase in length of the plant?
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Cambium
9. The vascular cambium is an example of:
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Secondary meristem
10. Cork cambium is also known as:
a) Phellogen
b) Phellem
c) Periderm
d) Cortex
11. The part of the root that absorbs water and minerals from the soil is:
a) Root hair
b) Root cap
c) Cortex
d) Endodermis
12. In dicot roots, the xylem is:
a) Exarch
b) Endarch
c) Mesarch
d) Centrarch
13. The pericycle in roots is responsible for:
a) Conduction
b) Formation of lateral roots
c) Absorption
d) Photosynthesis
14. Which of the following is not a component of the vascular bundle?
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Cambium
d) Cortex
15. In monocot stems, the vascular bundles are:
a) Radial
b) Collateral and closed
c) Collateral and open
d) Bicollateral
16. The type of tissue that provides mechanical support to young plants and herbaceous organs is:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
17. Which tissue forms the bulk of the leaf?
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
18. The main function of epidermal tissue is:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Conduction
c) Protection
d) Storage
19. Which of the following is a characteristic of monocot roots?
a) Taproot system
b) Presence of pith
c) Absence of pericycle
d) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
20. The cambium that forms secondary xylem and phloem is:
a) Vascular cambium
b) Cork cambium
c) Interfascicular cambium
d) Intrafascicular cambium
21. Which type of cells make up the phloem?
a) Tracheids
b) Vessels
c) Companion cells
d) Sieve tubes
22. The tissue responsible for secondary growth in plants is:
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Primary meristem
23. The cork cells are rich in:
a) Cellulose
b) Lignin
c) Suberin
d) Pectin
24. The root cap is made up of:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Meristematic tissue
25. The protective layer of the plant stem is called:
a) Epidermis
b) Cortex
c) Pericycle
d) Endodermis
26. Vascular bundles in monocot stems are:
a) Scattered
b) Arranged in a ring
c) Collateral and open
d) Bicollateral
27. The cells that make up the bulk of the cortex in roots are:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
28. The radial arrangement of vascular bundles is typically seen in:
a) Roots
b) Stems
c) Leaves
d) Flowers
29. The function of trichomes is:
a) Water absorption
b) Protection
c) Gas exchange
d) Photosynthesis
30. The tissue that forms the majority of the wood in trees is:
a) Phloem
b) Xylem
c) Cambium
d) Cortex
31. Which part of the plant is primarily involved in photosynthesis?
a) Stem
b) Root
c) Leaf
d) Flower
32. The endodermis in roots is characterized by the presence of:
a) Casparian strips
b) Vascular bundles
c) Trichomes
d) Root hairs
33. In which type of plant would you find a well-developed pith?
a) Monocots
b) Dicots
c) Gymnosperms
d) Ferns
34. The tissue responsible for the production of secondary tissues in plants is:
a) Apical meristem
b) Intercalary meristem
c) Cambium
d) Pericycle
35. Which tissue forms the bulk of the seed coat?
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
36. Which cells are involved in the formation of annual rings in trees?
a) Cambium
b) Phloem
c) Xylem
d) Epidermis
37. The main function of root hairs is:
a) Support
b) Absorption
c) Conduction
d) Photosynthesis
38. The cells that store food in plants are usually:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
39. The tissue that helps in the exchange of gases in the bark of trees is:
a) Lenticels
b) Trichomes
c) Stomata
d) Cortex
40. Which part of the vascular bundle is responsible for the transport of organic nutrients?
a) Xylem
b) Phloem
c) Cambium
d) Pericycle
41. In which region of the root are lateral roots formed?
a) Root cap
b) Cortex
c) Pericycle
d) Endodermis
42. The hard and thick-walled cells that are dead at maturity are:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
43. The primary meristem responsible for root growth is located in the:
a) Apical meristem
b) Lateral meristem
c) Intercalary meristem
d) Cambium
44. The waxy layer present on the epidermis of leaves is called:
a) Cuticle
b) Periderm
c) Casparian strip
d) Phellem
45. The tissue that makes up the wood in trees is:
a) Phloem
b) Xylem
c) Cambium
d) Cortex
46. Which of the following tissues has cells with lignified walls?
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Epidermis
47. The protective tissue found on the outer surface of the older stems and roots is:
a) Epidermis
b) Periderm
c) Cortex
d) Endodermis
48. The cells that provide flexible support to growing parts of the plant are:
a) Parenchyma
b) Collenchyma
c) Sclerenchyma
d) Xylem
49. Which tissue is involved in the formation of bark?
a) Phloem
b) Cork cambium
c) Xylem
d) Cortex
50. The process by which the vascular cambium forms new layers of secondary xylem and phloem is called:
a) Primary growth
b) Secondary growth
c) Tertiary growth
d) Quaternary growth
Answers:
1. b) Xylem
2. a) Photosynthesis
3. c) Pectin
4. a) Apical meristem
5. d) Dead and thick-walled
6. a) Radial
7. b) Conduction of food
8. a) Apical meristem
9. b) Lateral meristem
10. a) Phellogen
11. a) Root hair
12. a) Exarch
13. b) Formation of lateral roots
14. d) Cortex
15. b) Collateral and closed
16. b) Collenchyma
17. a) Parenchyma
18. c) Protection
19. b) Presence of pith
20. a) Vascular cambium
21. d) Sieve tubes
22. b) Lateral meristem
23. c) Suberin
24. a) Parenchyma
25. a) Epidermis
26. a) Scattered
27. a) Parenchyma
28. a) Roots
29. b) Protection
30. b) Xylem
31. c) Leaf
32. a) Casparian strips
33. b) Dicots
34. c) Cambium
35. c) Sclerenchyma
36. a) Cambium
37. b) Absorption
38. a) Parenchyma
39. a) Lenticels
40. b) Phloem
41. c) Pericycle
42. c) Sclerenchyma
43. a) Apical meristem
44. a) Cuticle
45. b) Xylem
46. c) Sclerenchyma
47. b) Periderm
48. b) Collenchyma
49. b) Cork cambium
50. b) Secondary growth
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